Spring device



May 10, 1.932. c. IJNYGARD 1,857,764

SPRING D'EVICE Filed Jan. 22, 1931 INVENTOR. 67/391493 A/Vme'a A T TORNEY Patented May 10, 1932 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE CHARLES I. NYGARD,0F ELMHURST, NEW YORK SPRING DEVICE Application filed January 22, 1931.Serial No. 510,419.

coils of whichinclude opposlte side faces which are arc-shaped andconcaved in-cross sectional form; a still further object being toprovide a spring of the class specified which by virtue of itsconstruction, will pro duce greater strength as well asgreater'resiliency, notwithstanding the. fact that less 1 material byweight is employed in the structure of the spring; a further objectbeingto, provide a spring which by virtue of its cross sectional formwill permit the use of a greater number of coils within the smallestpossible space especially in the construction of conical springs; 11'further object consists in the novel method of forming the wire used incoiling the spring as herein described and claimed; and with these andother objects in view, the invention consists in aspring 0f the classand for the purpose specified which is simple in construction, efficientin use, and which is constructed as hereinafter described and claimed.

The invention is fullydisclosed in the followingspecification, of whichthe accompanying drawings form a part, in which the separate parts of myimprovement are designated by suitable reference characters in each ofthe views, and in which:

Fig. 1.is a side and sectional view of a combined compression, expansionand torsional spring. .4 Fig. 2 is a view similar to Fig. 1 showing acompression spring.

Fig. 3 is a similar view of an extension spring.

Fig. 4 is an end view of a torsional spring.

Fig. 5 is a view similar to Fig. 4 of a conical spring Fig. 6 is anenlarged, cross sectional view of one form of'strand from which myimproved springs are formed; and,

Fig. 7 is a view similar to Fig. 6 showing a modification.

In carrying my invention into effect, ,1 fashion elongated stripmaterial used in the construction'of springs of various kindsandclasses, examples of which are shown in Figs.

1 to 5 inclusive, by drawing, rolling or otherwise forming the strandinto a cross sectional contour similar to that shown in Figs. 6 and .7of the drawings. In both of these fig- 'ures, a strand of substantiallyI-beam cross sectional form is disclosed.

In Fig. 6 of the drawings, the strand 10 is fashioned to form arc-shapedor slightly rounded side edgesv 11 and 12 which extend into concavedarc-shaped side faces 13 and 14 of the strip through what might betermed rounded beads or ribs 15 and 16 arranged longitudinallv of thestrand, thus producing the substantially I-beam cross sectional form. Inother Words, the transverse dimensions of the strand at the sections15-16 is materially greater than the 'transversedimensions be tween thecentral portions of the arc-shaped surfaces 13-14.

The structure shown in Fig. 7 is substantially identical to that shownin Fig. 5 in general contour, except that the side edges 11a and 12aareflattened and the surfaces 4 15a and 16a are-also flattened, whereasthe surfaces 13a and 14a are arc-shaped and concaved similar to thesurfaces 13 and 14.- In some cases. the cross sectional form of springshown in Fig. 7 would be more desirable than that shown in Fig. 6. a Itwill be understood that either cross sectional form may be used in the.construction of the several springs 'shown in Figs. 1 to 5 inclusive.For illuscross sectional formshown in Fig. 6 as is indicated in thelower left hand corner of Fig. 1. The ends of the spring '17 terminatein oppositely disposed coupling loops 17b and 17 0. -This typeof springhas many uses, such as example, in conjunction with engine startingdevices and like apparatus.

In Fig. 2 of the drawings, I have shown at 18, a plain compressionspring, the separate windings 18a ofwhich are of the cross sectionalform shown in Fig. 6.

In Fig. 3 of the drawings, I have shown a spring 19 of the extensiontype, the coils 19a of which are of similar cross sectional 1o form,-theends of the coils terminating in coupling loops 1% and 190 which may befashioned to suit any particular type'of appitrdzlttus or device towhich said ends are conp e In Fig. 4 of the drawings, I have shown at 20a torsional spring, the coils 20a of which are formed in accordance withmy improved cross sectional form. The opposite ends of the springterminate in angularly disposed 20 arc-shaped armsQOb and 200 forattachment to suitable supports.

In Fig. 5 of the drawings, l have shown at 21 a conical spring, thecoils 21a of which are of the cross sectional form shown in Fig.

5 6. It is preferred that the enlarged portion 1516 of one coil orwinding be disposed centrally of an adjacent coil so that the en-'larged portion may be nested within the arcshaped recess 13-14 of anadjacent coil, thus permitting a more compact collapsing of the springas will be apparent. With this type of spring construction, a largernumber of coils may be used within a given length to produce greaterpower and resiliency. In addition to the feature of my impoved spring asreferred to in the description of Fig.5, the particular cross sectionalform of the separate coils or windings produces the greatest possiblestrength, and at the same time, effects a saving in the amount ofmaterial employed and further increases the resilient ortensionalproperties of the spring.

While, in the several views, I have shown springs, the coils of whichare wound with the wide surfaces of the coils in opposed relation, itwill be apparent that springs of the types disclosed may be wound'withthe narrow edges'in adjacent relation. This type of spring constructionis especially desirable where the clearance space externally of thespring is limited, and by virtue of the structure of the springemployed, the greatest possible strength will be provided.

concave to form curved, arc-shaped recesses extending centrally-andlongitudinally of the strip throughout the entire spring formed thereby,and the separate coils of the spring being wound in close proximity toeach other to form spaces between the coils of less dimensions thanthe'thickness of said coils.

2. A coil spring for engine starters, said spring being fashioned from astrip of wire of the same dimensions throughout its length, the wirebeing of greater width than thickness, the wide side faces of said stripbeing concave to form curved, arc-shaped recesses extending centrallyand longitudinally of the strip throughout the entire spring formedthereby, the separate coils of the spring being wound in close proximityto each other to form spaces between the coils of less dimensions thanthe thickness of said coils, and the end coils of said springterminating in curved loops disposed on one side edge of the spring withsaid loops arranged in the plane of the coils of the spring. Intestimony that I claim the foregoing as my invention I have signed myname this 21st day of January 1931.

CHARLES I. N YGARD.

It will be understood that the different

